Error codes

0x000000D1

DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL

What it means

Like IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL, but Windows is sure a driver caused it. The blue screen often names the file.

Common causes

• Network, Wi-Fi or USB drivers most often
• VPN and antivirus filter drivers

How to fix it

1. Note the .sys file on the blue screen and search which driver it belongs to.
2. Open the crash dump in WhoCrashed or BlueScreenView: it usually names the driver file that caused it (for example nvlddmkm.sys is the NVIDIA driver).
3. Update the graphics, chipset and network drivers from the maker's site (NVIDIA, AMD, Intel or your board vendor), not from a driver-updater tool.
4. Uninstall VPN or antivirus software you added recently and test without it.