Reproduce it deliberately
Play a 44.1 kHz file and then a 48 kHz file. If the pop happens at the transition, the endpoint is reconfiguring. If it happens when playback starts from silence, the cause is different.
A click or a pop at the start of a track is a sample rate switch, not a failing speaker. One setting per endpoint removes most of them.
Give every endpoint the **same format** so Windows stops switching, disable **exclusive mode** for apps that trigger the switch, and check the **USB power saving** on the interface. A pop at the very start is a driver mute-unmute cycle.
Play a 44.1 kHz file and then a 48 kHz file. If the pop happens at the transition, the endpoint is reconfiguring. If it happens when playback starts from silence, the cause is different.
Each endpoint has its own advanced tab. When they agree, the mixer has no reason to reconfigure the hardware between tracks.
Control Panel > Sound > Playback > Properties > Advanced
A player in exclusive mode changes the hardware rate for every track. That is correct behaviour for bit-perfect playback and the direct cause of a pop at each change.
A USB interface that powers down between tracks clicks when it wakes. Disabling the power saving for that hub removes the click at the cost of a little idle power.
Device Manager > USB Root Hub > Power Management
Some codecs mute the output when no stream is active to avoid noise. The vendor tool usually has a switch for this, and it is the fix for a pop on the first sound after silence.
Play a playlist with mixed rates, pause, skip, and let the machine idle for a minute. The pop should be gone in all four cases.
The driver unmutes at the first stream. Look for a mute-on-idle option in the vendor panel.
The game requests a different rate. Set the endpoint to the rate the game uses.
Power fluctuation. Connect the DAC directly or use a powered hub.
A ground loop or a failing cable. Test with a different cable and a different port.
A good resampler is inaudible. A pop is worse than any resampling artefact.
For playback it mostly buys headroom for the volume control. 16-bit is fine for listening.
Restore the previous format on each endpoint and re-enable the power saving you turned off. The pops return, which is at least a known state.
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